Approach to the geology of Aragón. The Geologic Patrimony Aragones. Nature in Aragon. Aragon

The geologic ríqueza of Aragón is impressive:
Old glaciers, torrid solariums, steep reliefs, ample plains,
always blue lakes, desert steppes, leafy forests, feracious fertile valleys...
All this and much more can be in the landscaping
mosaic that forms Aragonese earth, from the heights superior to the
3,000 meters in the Pyrenean one to the 150 meters on the level of the
sea in which is the bed of the Ebro.
Near 50,000 Km2 of extension of this community, 9.4 %
of the one of Spain, region is formed by three great geologic dominions: the Pyrenees, the depression of the Ebro with the somontanos Iberian Pirenaico and and the Iberian mountain range, that lodge, in addition to the great spaces to consider, manifold
points more reduced in extension, but not for that reason deserving of
neglect or ignorance.
The Pyrenees, to the north
The Pyrenees are already of in case, as a whole, a
true natural museum.
It has a great variety of litografias, whose older ages go
back to the Precámbrico (we can be located around the 600 million
years), are structured of complex form, like result of the approach
between the plates Iberian and European.
That process, whose last phases had to culminate about 20
million ago years, has left its sequels, in form of a certain growth
of the reliefs that still remain, of a moderate sismica activity
and a termalismo of which we have good model in the Baths of
Panticosa. In the other end, in the valley of Benasque,
the Forau de Aigualluts is a splendid kárstica example of
torca, that devours a mighty torrent.
The Pirenaica mountain range, aligned of this a the
west, extends from the Mediterranean to the Cantabrico. The
central part, exactly steepest, corresponds to the most northern part
of Aragón, to a large extent to the province of Huesca.
Of north to the south, the Aragonese Pyrenees or Pyrenean
power stations present/display three parallel geographic units:
Pyrenean the axial one, formed by a series of mountain
ranges that rarely lower of 2,500 meters and separated of others by
origin valleys a glacier that descend towards the Ebro in direction
the north-south. The tips of Tendeñera (2,853 ms),
Collarada (2,886 ms), Vignemale (3,291 ms), Perdido Mount (3,355 ms), Posets (3,361 ms), and Cotiella (2,965 ms) are good sample
of the height of these mountain ranges that reach their greater
altitude to the east, in the bulk of the Maladeta, where the summit
rises highest Aragonese, the Aneto, with 3,404 ms of altitude. The valleys of Ansó, Fact, Canfranc, Tena, Gistaín
or Benasque mark deep the dividing one between mountain ranges.
In highest summits or axial zone material paleozoicos
can be observed - oldest of the chain -, like slates, metamórficas
limestones, rocks and granites. Leaned to this axial zone, in
the inner mountain ranges, massive calcáreos like Cotiella, Tendeñera, Turbón appear important ...
More towards the Ebro, the rivers that until
then had excavated perpendicular valleys to the mountain ranges, take
the East-West direction forming parallel depressions of the main
alignment from the mountain range. These intermediate
depressions, although do not have continuity to each other, resemble a
great valley of soft materials (flys Eocene, marls, etc.)
that it would unite Field with the depression of Jaca and the
Channel of Berdún if were not cut to half of way by the mountain
ranges of San Juan of Peña and Oroel.
More to the south, giving passage to the somontano and
already watching the valley, appears the PrePyrenean one:
small mountain ranges formed by limestones that were lowering
from the most northern zones of the Pyrenean one by effect of the
alpine orogenesis. The mountain range of Guara, with 2,077
ms, emphasizes between these mountain ranges cut by deep tubes opened
by the rivers that, mighty and fast, look for the Ebro.
The river basin of the Ebro; the paper of the Ebro river.
The river basin of the Ebro, valley and somontanos,
begins to form makes about 60 million years, during orogenia
alpine, giving rise to a vast extension, true geographic depression. Their edges are formed by detríticos materials coming from
the mountain ranges and its central part by yesíferos and
evaporíticos materials produced when drying up the inner sea that makes million years was the valley.
It contains many remarkable geologic elements: the
salty ones of Alcañíz and Sástago-Bujaraloz, the steppes of
Eastern Belchite or the Bardenas, the exhumados
paleocanales of Alcañiz or Caspe, the mines of Eddy salt or
the Mallos de Riglos are some examples to mention.
The valley
The central zone of Aragon occupies the valley
of the Ebro and the somontanos of the Pyrenean one and the
Iberian. Great part of Zaragoza and Huesca and the Low turolense Aragón is regions that watch the Ebro.
The main body of this geographic unit is the ample valley
formed by the terraces of the Ebro and, sometimes like in the city
of Zaragoza, other affluent rivers. On these terraces, the
runner of the Ebro, lives more than half on the Aragoneses. Thanks to regadio are rich earth and to the underground water
availability and around the city of Zaragoza, political and
economic capital of Aragón, to industries and services that they
attract not only the ribereños towns, but to all the people of
Aragón have risen.
To the north and the south of the valley of the Ebro
small platforms like Alcubierre rise (822 ms), the Tooth (627 ms)
and Mounts of Castejon (744 ms). Of these "teeth" they take
extensive piedemontes sectioned by a sporadic network of drainage.
That network, times forms valleys in flat bottom (bonds) and
others, strongly gotten stuck valleys that make arise yesíferos or
saline lands. They are landscapes of extreme dryness, not only
by the little thing of precipitations, but also by the influence of
the wind and the litología of the land. In Monegros,
Bardenas or Calanda appears the Aragonese desert.
The Iberian Mountain range.
The Iberian mountain range, that occupies almost all the
province of Teruel and the western margin of the one of Zaragoza, is another great sample book of geologic wealth. It
is formed in next periods in the time (the geologic time), although
noncoincident, to the Pyrenees.
Teruel has been well-known by its intense mining
activity in relation, mainly, with the coal (the Val de Ariño
is a very representative zone) and, until for years, with the iron
mineral (Black Eyes). Mineria of clays, also important, finds
a good exponent in Galbe, whose term constitutes in addition a
valuable deposit to rest of dinosaurios. Another
paleontological deposit good known between the collectors is the one
of fossils of Book frogs.
Poljes of the turolense southern strip, the
dolinas and other geomorfológicos enchantments of the mountain
range of Albarracin, the magical Crystal Grotto of Mills or the
surgencias of the birth of the Pitarque river are good sample of
which the action of the water is able on limestones.
The periglaciales forms in the mountainous bulks of Güdar, Javalambre and Albarracín are also showy, and
quizas, among them, most outstanding are the peat bogs and stone
rivers of the mountain range of the Tremendal.
The vertical layers of the Organos de Montoro, the
extensive endorreica lagoon of Gallocanta, the travertinos
and tubes of the rivers Table and Stone, the termalismo of
Alhama de Aragón and Jaraba, the alluvial fans of Palomera mountain range ... are so single some cases more of the
ample repertoire available.
The information will not be complete without a stroll by its three provinces, with shutdown in some of its spectacular landscapes like
Ordesa, the Moncayo, Monegros
or by opposition the Ebro.
The pasapues project is an extension of the Aragón project is like that, and tries to collect and relate all possible types of documentary information about Aragon: texts, books, articles, maps, illustrations, photographs, narrations, etc., and proceed to its publication and diffusion.
Nature of Aragon. Approach to the geology of Aragón. The Geologic Patrimony Aragones. Nature in Aragon. , Geology Huesca, Teruel, Zaragoza, Aragon, mudejar, Romanico, English, Nature, maps, Asociacion Cultural Aragon Interactivo Multimedia. Spain
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